Journal: medRxiv

Article Title: Extracellular Matrix Abnormalities in the Hippocampus of Subjects with Substance Use Disorder

doi: 10.1101/2023.09.07.23295222

Figure Lengend Snippet: Gene expression of the excitatory synaptic marker VAMP2 is altered in SUD and MDD. (A) mRNA expression of the synaptic vesicle marker Vamp2 is increased in both SUD and MDD, but not in the comorbid condition. (B-E) Multiplex immunofluorescent imaging of VAMP2 immunoreactive puncta within a PNN and on the surface of a PVB interneuron. (B) WFA-labeled PNN (green), (C) PVB interneuron (blue) and VAMP2 synaptic puncta (red) and spatial overlap (yellow) (arrows indicate overlap). (D) Composite z-projection of WFA, PVB, and VAMP2. (E) Zoomed inset of 1D, with arrows denoting spatial overlap of VAMP2 with WFA (yellow puncta). (F) There were no significant changes in transcription of the synaptic marker Syn1 in any of the diagnostic groups. (G-J) Multiplex immunofluorescent imaging depicting SYN1 labeling within a PNN surrounding a PVB interneuron. (G) WFA-labeled PNN (green), (H) PVB neuron (blue) and SYN1 (red), (I) composite z-projection of all three channels. (J) Zoomed inset depicts spatial overlap with of SYN1 puncta with WFA labeling (arrows to yellow puncta). All scalebars are 10 µm. Error bars are mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Free-floating 50 µm thick sections containing the human hippocampus were carried through antigen retrieval in citric acid buffer (0.1 M citric acid, 0.2 M Na2HPO4) heated to 80 degrees °C for 30 minutes, incubated in 2% BSA for one hour. and incubated for two nights at 4 °C in biotinylated WFA lectin (catalog #B-1355, Vector Labs), PVB (catalog #P3088, Sigma-Aldrich), VAMP2 (catalog #10135-1-AP, ProteinTech), and SYN1 (catalog #20258-1-AP, ProteinTech) antibodies.

Techniques: Expressing, Marker, Multiplex Assay, Imaging, Labeling, Diagnostic Assay

Journal: Nutrition & Metabolism

Article Title: LXRɑ participates in the mTOR/S6K1/SREBP-1c signaling pathway during sodium palmitate-induced lipogenesis in HepG2 cells

doi: 10.1186/s12986-018-0268-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effect of LXRα knockdown on HepG2 cells. a Detection of LXRα knockdown efficiency by Western blotting. b Oil Red O staining (a normal control; b siRNA-LXRα; c PA; d PA + siRNA-LXRα; and e negative control). c The intracellular lipid content in each group was quantified. d Detection of TG levels. After transient transfection of HepG2 cell with siRNA-LXRα in the absence or presence of PA. e Western blotting was used to detect the protein expression levels, and ( f ) qRT-PCR was used to detect the relative mRNA expression levels of lipogenic genes. Verification of the inhibitory effect of LXRα knockdown, RAPA, and PF-4708671, alone and in combination. Protein expression levels ( g ) and mRNA expression levels ( h ) were assessed by Western blotting and qRT-PCR, respectively. Data are presented as the means±SDs of three independent experiments, each of which was performed in triplicate (* P < 0.05 versus the control group; # P < 0.05 versus the model group)

Article Snippet: Human-specific LXRα-targeting small interfering RNA (siRNA-LXRα) was purchased from GenePharma Biotechnology Co. (China).

Techniques: Western Blot, Staining, Negative Control, Transfection, Expressing, Quantitative RT-PCR